Biochemistry is the branch of science that explores the chemical processes and substances that occur within living organisms. In medical education, medical biochemistry is essential for understanding how the body functions at a molecular level and how diseases disrupt these processes.

 Core Branches of Medical Biochemistry

• Structural Biochemistry Studies the structure and function of biomolecules like proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids.

• Metabolic Biochemistry Focuses on metabolic pathways (e.g., glycolysis, Krebs cycle) and how the body produces and uses energy.

• Enzymology Examines enzymes, their mechanisms, kinetics, and regulation.

• Molecular Biology Explores DNA/RNA synthesis, gene expression, and genetic regulation.

• Clinical Biochemistry Applies biochemical knowledge to diagnose and monitor diseases through lab tests (e.g., blood glucose, liver enzymes).

• Immunochemistry Studies the biochemical basis of immune responses, including antibodies and antigens.

• Endocrine Biochemistry Investigates hormone synthesis, function, and regulation.

• Nutritional Biochemistry Examines how nutrients affect metabolism and health.

• Toxicological Biochemistry Studies the biochemical effects of toxins and drugs on the body.

• Genomics and Proteomics Focuses on large-scale analysis of genes and proteins to understand disease mechanisms and personalized medicine.