branches of study


 Pediatrics is the branch of medicine that focuses on the health and medical care of infants, children, and adolescents—from birth up to 18 years of age. It’s a dynamic field that blends clinical expertise with developmental insight, preventive care, and family-centered approaches.

 

Core Subspecialties in Pediatrics

1. General Pediatrics

  • Routine checkups, immunizations, growth and development monitoring.

  • Management of common childhood illnesses like infections, asthma, and allergies.

2. Neonatology

  • Care of newborns, especially premature or critically ill infants.

  • Includes neonatal intensive care (NICU).

3. Pediatric Cardiology

  • Diagnosis and treatment of congenital and acquired heart diseases in children.

4. Pediatric Neurology

  • Manages neurological disorders such as epilepsy, cerebral palsy, and developmental delays.

5. Pediatric Endocrinology

  • Focuses on hormonal and metabolic disorders like diabetes, growth issues, and thyroid problems.

6. Pediatric Hematology and Oncology

  • Treats blood disorders and cancers such as leukemia and lymphoma.

7. Pediatric Gastroenterology

  • Manages digestive system issues like celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and reflux.

8. Pediatric Pulmonology

  • Treats respiratory conditions like asthma, cystic fibrosis, and chronic lung disease.

9. Pediatric Infectious Diseases

  • Specializes in complex infections, immunizations, and travel medicine.

10. Pediatric Nephrology

  • Focuses on kidney diseases, urinary tract infections, and hypertension.

11. Pediatric Rheumatology

  • Manages autoimmune and inflammatory conditions like juvenile arthritis.

12. Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics

  • Addresses behavioral issues, learning disabilities, ADHD, and autism spectrum disorders.

13. Pediatric Surgery

  • Surgical care for congenital anomalies, trauma, and other pediatric conditions.

 

Pediatric Practice Includes:

  • Child-friendly communication and examination techniques.

  • Family education and support.

  • Preventive care and early intervention.

  • Multidisciplinary collaboration with nutritionists, therapists, and educators.